Gather all ingredients and prep your workspace, chopping the onions and garlic, and dicing the chili peppers.
Heat a splash of oil in your large pot over medium-high heat until shimmering, then add the chicken thighs. Cook for about 5 minutes, turning occasionally, until they develop a golden-brown crust.
Remove the browned chicken from the pot and set aside. In the same pot, add chopped onions, garlic, and chili peppers. Cook, stirring frequently, until fragrant and onions are translucent, about 3-4 minutes.
Return the chicken thighs to the pot, then pour in the chicken broth. Bring to a gentle boil over high heat.
Lower the heat to a simmer and add cumin, paprika, and cayenne pepper. Cover and let simmer gently for 20-25 minutes, until the chicken is cooked through and tender.
Taste the broth and adjust seasoning with salt if needed. Squeeze in the lemon juice to brighten the flavors.
Remove the chicken thighs from the pot, shred the meat, and return it to the soup. Stir in chopped cilantro for a fresh herbal finish.
Serve the hot soup in bowls, ensuring each has a good mix of chicken, broth, and aromatics. Enjoy the comforting heat and smoky richness in every spoonful.